Intermediate / 1 to 5 years experienced level questions
Intermediate / 1 to 5 years experienced level questions & answers
Ques 1. What is the purpose of the OSI model?
The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven abstraction layers.
Ques 2. Explain the difference between TCP and UDP.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is connection-oriented, ensuring reliable data delivery. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is connectionless and provides faster, but less reliable, data transmission.
Ques 3. Explain the concept of VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network).
VLANs logically segment a network into smaller broadcast domains, improving performance and security by isolating traffic.
Ques 4. What is the difference between a hub, switch, and router?
A hub operates at the physical layer, a switch at the data link layer, and a router at the network layer. Routers connect networks, switches forward data within a network, and hubs broadcast data to all connected devices.
Ques 5. What is the significance of the 802.1Q standard in networking?
802.1Q is a standard for VLAN tagging in Ethernet networks, allowing the identification of VLAN membership within Ethernet frames.
Ques 6. Explain the purpose of the TCP three-way handshake.
The TCP three-way handshake is used to establish a reliable connection between two devices. It involves SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK messages.
Ques 7. What is the difference between a collision domain and a broadcast domain?
A collision domain is a network segment where collisions can occur, typically in Ethernet networks. A broadcast domain is a logical division of a network, where broadcasts are confined.
Ques 8. What is the role of a DNS (Domain Name System) server?
DNS translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses, facilitating the routing of data on the Internet.
Ques 9. Explain the concept of QoS (Quality of Service) in networking.
QoS ensures that network traffic is prioritized based on specific criteria, such as bandwidth, latency, and packet loss, to meet performance requirements.
Ques 10. What is the purpose of ACLs (Access Control Lists) in routing?
ACLs control traffic flow by permitting or denying packets based on defined rules. They are commonly used for security and traffic filtering.
Ques 11. Explain the concept of NAT overload (PAT - Port Address Translation).
NAT overload allows multiple private IP addresses to be mapped to a single public IP address by using different port numbers.
Ques 12. What is the purpose of the HSRP (Hot Standby Router Protocol)?
HSRP provides high availability by allowing multiple routers to work together in a group, with one router acting as the active router and the others as standby routers.
Ques 13. What is the purpose of a proxy server in networking?
A proxy server acts as an intermediary between clients and servers, forwarding requests and responses. It is often used for security and caching.
Ques 14. Explain the concept of network segmentation.
Network segmentation involves dividing a network into smaller, isolated segments to improve security, performance, and manageability.
Ques 15. What is the purpose of the Hubs and Spokes topology in networking?
Hubs and Spokes topology is a network design where multiple remote sites (spokes) are connected to a central site (hub) for efficient communication.
Ques 16. What is the purpose of SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)?
SNMP is used for managing and monitoring network devices. It allows the retrieval of information and the configuration of network components.
Ques 17. Explain the concept of PoE (Power over Ethernet).
PoE allows the transmission of electrical power along with data on Ethernet cabling, simplifying the deployment of network devices.
Ques 18. What is the purpose of the 802.1X standard in network security?
802.1X provides port-based network access control, requiring authentication before allowing devices to connect to a LAN.
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CCNA interview questions and answers - Total 40 questions |